What Causes Burning, Tingling, or Numbness in the Hands and Feet?
Burning sensations, tingling (pins and needles), or numbness in the hands and feet are usually symptoms of nerve-related complications. These issues arise when there is damage or pressure on the nerves responsible for sensation.
Common Causes of Nerve-Related Symptoms
1. Diabetic Neuropathy
One of the most common causes is diabetic neuropathy, which occurs when uncontrolled diabetes damages the nerves. This is why people with diabetes often experience tingling, numbness, or burning in their limbs.
2. Cervical or Lumbar Spondylosis
When the bones in the neck or lower back degenerate, they may press on nearby nerves, leading to numbness, weakness, or pain in the hands or legs.
3. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
This occurs when the median nerve in the wrist is compressed, causing tingling, pain, or numbness in the hand. It's more common in people with thyroid issues or diabetes.
4. Sciatica
Pressure on the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back down the legs, can cause pain, burning, or numbness in the buttocks, thighs, and legs.
5. Vitamin Deficiencies
Lack of Vitamin B1, B6, B12, or folic acid can lead to nerve damage and similar symptoms.
Other Contributing Factors
Besides nerve disorders, these sensations can also result from:
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Anemia (low hemoglobin levels)
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Poor blood circulation
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Electrolyte imbalances (lack of essential minerals)
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Dehydration
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Thyroid disorders
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Chronic kidney or liver diseases
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Nerve inflammation or stroke
Recommended Medical Tests
If these symptoms appear, doctors may recommend tests such as:
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Blood sugar levels
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Hemoglobin count
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Vitamin B12 and folic acid levels
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Creatinine (for kidney function)
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Thyroid function tests
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Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) to evaluate nerve health
Treatment & Management
1. Control Underlying Conditions
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Manage diabetes to prevent further nerve damage
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Treat anemia and correct vitamin deficiencies
2. Physiotherapy
If nerves are compressed, physiotherapy may help. Effective therapies include:
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Ultrasound therapy
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Interferential therapy (IFT)
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Cervical or lumbar traction
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Microwave diathermy or shortwave diathermy
3. Nerve-Strengthening Exercises
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Perform gentle stretching and strengthening exercises for the hands, legs, neck, and back
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Avoid staying in the same position for extended periods
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Walk for 30 minutes daily to improve circulation
4. Supplements
Your doctor may prescribe Vitamin B-complex or neurotropic vitamin supplements to help reduce nerve pain.
Healthy Lifestyle for Nerve Health
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Drink 2.5 to 3 liters of water daily
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Eat a balanced diet rich in:
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Leafy greens, fruits, lentils, and nuts
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Foods high in calcium and B vitamins: eggs, milk, fish, liver, bananas, almonds
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If symptoms persist or worsen, it’s important to consult a neurologist for further evaluation and personalized treatment.
